Continuous Casting

1. Continuous Casting: Introduction
2. Temperature Control
3. Mold Oscillation Settings
4. Heat Flux in the Mold
5. Heat Flux in the Secondary Cooling Zone
6. Critical Strain During Continuous Casting
7. Bulging Strain
8. Bending and Straightening Strain
9. Misalignment Strain
10. Combined Strain in the Strand
11. Internal Crack Formation Through Hot Tearing
12. Transverse Cracking
13. Microsegregation
14. Continuous Casting Simulation

The heat flux, Q is a function of the various casting parameters, such as casting speed (v_c), casting powder, superheat, oscillation and the steel grade, particularly the carbon content. The heat flux can be calculated using the following formula:

Q = α_eff (T_S - T_M) A_eff

Where:

α_eff = effective heat transfer coefficient

T_S = temperature of strand

T_M = temperature of mold

A_eff = effective cooling area of the mold

Solidification begins in the mold and the heat flux is a function of the mold height. The graph shows this variation with height and at a number of different casting speeds for a low carbon steel slab. Notice that as the slab cools and contracts the solidified shell moves away from the mold , effectively reducing the heat flux because of the insulating air gap.

References

• AISE,  The Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel - Casting Volume CD, The AISE Steel Foundation,  
• Bernhard, C & Sjökvist, T, Die interaktive Stranggießsimulation auf www.steeluniversity.org Berg- und Hüttenmännische Monatshefte, SpringerWienNewYork, 0005-8912